American bison

Bison bison

The American bison is the largest land mammal in North America. Millions of these herbivores once roamed the prairies in huge herds before being almost wiped out in the 19th century due to intensive hunting. The species was saved through conservation programs, but today it mostly lives in protected areas and managed herds. Bison are important for shaping the landscape: by grazing and wallowing, they create habitats for many other animals and plants. Their massive front body with the distinctive shoulder hump is unmistakable, with strong muscles that support carrying their heavy heads. While the cows and young bison live in social herds, the bulls usually roam alone or in small groups outside of mating season.